山东工程人警惕！桥架敷线踩这坑必返工，监理当场叫停，国标早有明确规定

　　Shandong engineers are vigilant! The cable tray laying must be reworked if this pit is stepped on, and the supervisor stopped it on the spot. The national standard has long had clear regulations

　　在山东做建筑、电气工程的朋友，大概率见过这样的场景：电缆桥架敷设完工后，监理到场验收，一眼就发现问题，当场要求停工返工——配电箱、主电缆和消防信号线缆，一股脑全铺在同一个桥架里，没有做任何隔离处理。别觉得这是“小事”，这种违规操作不仅通不过验收，还会留下严重的用电隐患，后期返工既费钱又误工。今天就用大白话+实打实的数据，结合国标要求，给山东工程人、采购方唠透山东电缆桥架敷设的核心禁忌，看完再也不踩这种低级坑。

　　Friends who work in construction and electrical engineering in Shandong have probably seen such a scene: after the cable tray is laid, the supervisor arrives for inspection and immediately discovers the problem, requiring work to be stopped and reworked - the distribution box, main cable, and fire signal cable are all laid in the same tray without any isolation treatment. Don't think of this as a 'small matter'. This kind of illegal operation not only fails the acceptance inspection, but also leaves serious electrical safety hazards. Rework in the later stage is both costly and time-consuming. Today, using plain language and concrete data, combined with national standard requirements, we will explain to Shandong engineers and purchasers the core taboos of cable tray laying in Shandong. After reading, we will never step on such low-level pitfalls again.

　　先给大家说个真实案例，也是山东本地工程常犯的错：济南某写字楼电气施工中，施工队图省事，将主电力电缆（380V）、配电箱连接线和消防信号线缆，共同敷设在同一个无隔离的槽式桥架内，总长度约80米，验收时被监理当场叫停，要求全部返工。返工不仅要重新拆除、分拣电缆，还要增设隔离措施或分桥架敷设，额外花费2.3万元，工期延误5天，得不偿失。据山东建筑行业统计，每年因电缆桥架敷设违规导致的返工率达29%，其中不同电压、不同用途电缆混敷的情况占比62%，是常见也容易被忽视的违规点。

　　First of all, let me give you a real case, which is also a common mistake in local engineering in Shandong: during the electrical construction of an office building in Jinan, the construction team tried to save time by laying the main power cable (380V), distribution box connection line, and fire signal cable together in the same non isolated trough bridge, with a total length of about 80 meters. However, during the acceptance inspection, they were stopped by the supervisor on the spot and required to rework all of them. Rework not only requires dismantling and sorting cables again, but also adding isolation measures or laying cable trays, which costs an additional 23000 yuan and delays the construction period by 5 days, which is not worth the loss. According to statistics from the construction industry in Shandong, the annual rework rate caused by violations of cable tray laying is 29%. Among them, the situation of mixing cables of different voltages and purposes accounts for 62%, which is the most common and easily overlooked violation point.

　　很多施工队之所以犯这种错，要么是图省事、赶工期，要么是对规范不了解，觉得“只要能放下电缆，敷在一起没关系”。可实际上，这种操作严重违反国标，还藏着极大的隐患。划红线：根据国标GB 51348-2019《民用建筑电气设计标准》第8.5.13条明确规定，不同电压、不同用途的电缆应分开铺设，不应敷设在同一个桥架内，这是电缆桥架敷设的“铁规矩”，山东所有建筑、工业工程都必须严格遵守。

　　Many construction teams make this mistake either to save time and meet deadlines, or because they are not familiar with the specifications and think that 'as long as the cables can be laid down and laid together, it's okay'. However, in reality, this operation seriously violates national standards and poses significant safety hazards. Key red line marking: According to Article 8.5.13 of the national standard GB 51348-2019 "Electrical Design Standards for Civil Buildings", cables of different voltages and purposes should be laid separately and should not be laid in the same cable tray. This is the "iron rule" for cable tray laying, and all buildings and industrial projects in Shandong must strictly comply with it.

　　可能有山东工程人会问，为啥不能敷在一起？核心原因有两个，既关乎，也关乎设备正常运行。个原因，避免信号干扰，尤其是消防、弱电信号。主电缆是高压电力电缆，运行时会产生强电磁干扰，而消防信号线缆、弱电线缆（比如监控、通讯线缆）灵敏度极高，一旦被干扰，就会出现信号中断、误报等问题。比如山东某工厂曾因消防信号线缆与主电缆混敷，发生火灾时消防报警系统失灵，延误了救援时机，造成额外损失，这类案例在山东每年都会发生10余起。

　　Some Shandong engineers may ask, why can't they be applied together? There are two core reasons, which are related to both safety and the normal operation of the equipment. The first reason is to avoid signal interference, especially for fire and weak current signals. The main cable is a high-voltage power cable that generates strong electromagnetic interference during operation, while fire signal cables and weak current cables (such as monitoring and communication cables) have extremely high sensitivity. Once interfered, problems such as signal interruption and false alarms may occur. For example, a factory in Shandong once experienced a fire when the fire alarm system malfunctioned due to the mixing of fire signal cables and main cables, delaying the rescue opportunity and causing additional losses. Such cases occur more than 10 times a year in Shandong.

　　第二个原因，防范事故，降低隐患风险。不同电压的电缆混敷，一旦其中一根电缆绝缘层破损，就会发生短路、漏电，甚引发火灾；而消防信号线缆属于应急保障线路，若与主电缆混敷，一旦主电缆出现故障，消防线缆也会被牵连损坏，火灾时无法正常传输信号，后果不堪设想。据统计，山东因电缆混敷导致的电气火灾，占电缆相关火灾的37%，其中80%都是因为未按国标要求分开敷设、未做隔离造成的。

　　The second reason is to prevent safety accidents and reduce hidden risks. Mixing cables of different voltages, once one of the insulation layers of the cable is damaged, short circuits, leakage, and even fires can occur; And the fire signal cable belongs to the emergency support line. If it is mixed with the main cable, once the main cable fails, the fire signal cable will also be damaged and cannot transmit signals normally during a fire, and the consequences will be unimaginable. According to statistics, electrical fires caused by mixed cable laying in Shandong account for 37% of cable related fires, of which 80% are caused by failure to separate and isolate cables according to national standards.

　　这里给山东工程人明确，哪些电缆不能混敷在同一个桥架内，对照自查不踩坑：一是高压电缆（1kV以上）与低压电缆（1kV以下），比如工厂的主电力电缆和办公室的照明电缆；二是电力电缆与消防专用线缆，比如主电缆和消防信号、应急照明电缆，尤其要注意，即使加隔板，普通负荷与消防负荷的电缆也不建议同桥架敷设，火灾时隔板无法完全保证消防线缆；三是电力电缆与弱电线缆，比如主电缆和网线、监控线缆；四是向同一负荷供电的两回路电源电缆，也需分开敷设。

　　Here, it is clear to Shandong engineers which cables must not be mixed and laid in the same cable tray, and self inspection should be conducted to avoid pitfalls: firstly, high-voltage cables (above 1kV) and low-voltage cables (below 1kV), such as the main power cables in factories and lighting cables in offices; Secondly, power cables and fire protection cables, such as main cables, fire signal cables, and emergency lighting cables, should be paid special attention to. Even if partitions are added, it is not recommended to lay cables for ordinary loads and fire loads on the same bridge, as partitions cannot fully guarantee the safety of fire protection cables during a fire; The third is power cables and weak current cables, such as main cables, network cables, and monitoring cables; The fourth is that the two circuit power cables that supply power to the same load also need to be laid separately.

　　结合山东工程常见场景，给大家说两种正确的敷设方式，简单好操作，还符合国标要求。种，分桥架敷设，这是稳妥、常用的方式，占山东合规工程的78%。不同电压、不同用途的电缆，分别敷设在独立的桥架内，桥架之间的间距不小于0.5m，若有屏蔽盖板，可缩小0.3m，既能彻底避免干扰，又能降低隐患，比如济南高新区的工厂、遥墙国际机场的布线，大多采用这种方式。

　　Based on common scenarios in Shandong engineering, let me explain two correct laying methods that are simple and easy to operate, and also comply with national standards. The first method is to lay cable trays separately, which is the most secure and commonly used approach, accounting for 78% of compliance projects in Shandong. Cables of different voltages and purposes are laid separately in independent cable trays, with a spacing of no less than 0.5m between trays. If there is a shielding cover plate, it can be reduced to 0.3m, which can completely avoid interference and reduce safety hazards. For example, this method is mostly used for wiring in factories in Jinan High tech Zone and remote international airports.

　　第二种，同桥架但加专用隔离板，仅适用于受场地限制、无法分桥架敷设的场景，且严禁用于消防线缆与普通电力电缆的敷设。隔离板需采用防火、绝缘材质，厚度≥1.5mm，高度与桥架高度一致，能将桥架内部彻底分隔成独立空间，每一个空间仅敷设一种类型的电缆，同时电缆在桥架内的填充率需符合要求，电力电缆不超过40%，控制电缆不超过50%，避免因电缆过密导致散热不良。这种方式比分桥架敷设节省成本30%左右，但后期检修难度稍大，需做好标记，方便区分电缆类型。

　　The second option is to use the same cable tray but with a dedicated isolation board, which is only suitable for scenarios where it is limited by the site and cannot be laid separately. It is strictly prohibited to use it for laying fire cables and ordinary power cables. The isolation board should be made of fire-resistant and insulating materials, with a thickness of ≥ 1.5mm and a height consistent with the height of the bridge. It should be able to completely separate the interior of the bridge into independent spaces, with only one type of cable laid in each space. At the same time, the filling rate of cables in the bridge should meet the requirements, with no more than 40% for power cables and no more than 50% for control cables, to avoid poor heat dissipation caused by overly dense cables. This method saves about 30% of the cost of laying cable trays, but it is slightly more difficult to maintain in the later stage and requires proper labeling to facilitate the differentiation of cable types.

　　补充一组山东本地实用数据，帮大家重视这个问题：山东电缆桥架敷设违规，不仅会被监理要求返工，若违规验收通过后被抽查发现，还会面临5000-5万元的罚款，情节严重的会被责令停工整改；返工成本平均每米35-80元，80米的布线返工，仅人工+材料成本就超2万元，还会延误工期，影响工程回款。另外，合规敷设的电缆桥架，后期电缆故障率可降低82%，检修效率提升60%，长期来看更省心、更省钱。

　　Add a set of local practical data in Shandong to help everyone pay attention to this issue: if the cable tray laying in Shandong violates regulations, not only will it be required to rework by the supervisor, but if it is found through spot checks after passing the inspection, it will also face a fine of 50-50000 yuan, and those with serious circumstances will be ordered to stop work for rectification; The average cost of rework is 35-80 yuan per meter. For 80 meters of wiring rework, the labor and material costs alone exceed 20000 yuan, which will also delay the construction period and affect project payment. In addition, compliant cable trays can reduce cable failure rates by 82% and increase maintenance efficiency by 60% in the later stage, making them more worry free and cost-effective in the long run.

　　总结来说，山东电缆桥架敷设，看似简单，实则有严格的国标要求，不同电压、不同用途的电缆混敷，不是“小事”，而是会导致返工、罚款、隐患的“大坑”。不管是施工队还是采购方，都别图省事、省成本，忽视规范要求。遵循国标GB 51348-2019第8.5.13条规定，要么分桥架敷设，要么同桥架加合规隔离板（不含消防线缆场景），才能确保工程合规、用电。希望这篇科普能帮到山东的工程人们，避开返工坑、坑，让工程顺利推进，觉得有用的话，别忘了点赞转发，提醒身边更多同行～

　　In summary, the installation of cable trays in Shandong may seem simple, but in reality there are strict national standards. Mixing cables of different voltages and purposes is not a "small matter", but a "big hole" that can lead to rework, fines, and safety hazards. Whether it's the construction team or the procurement party, don't try to save time and costs, and ignore regulatory requirements. According to the provisions of Article 8.5.13 of the national standard GB 51348-2019, either separate cable trays should be laid or compliant isolation plates should be added to the cable trays (excluding fire cable scenarios) to ensure project compliance and electrical safety. I hope this science popularization can help engineers in Shandong avoid rework and safety pitfalls, and ensure the smooth progress of the project. If you find it useful, don't forget to like and share it, reminding more colleagues around you