电缆桥架的接地电阻检测是保障电气的重要环节，其目的是验证接地系统是否能有效将故障电流导入大地，防止触电或设备损坏事故。检测需遵循规范流程，确保数据准确可靠，以下是具体方法说明。

　　The detection of grounding resistance in cable trays is an important part of ensuring electrical safety. Its purpose is to verify whether the grounding system can effectively guide fault currents into the ground, preventing electric shock or equipment damage accidents. Testing must follow standardized procedures to ensure accurate and reliable data. The following are specific method instructions.

　　检测前的准备工作需细致到位。需明确检测标准，根据相关规范，电缆桥架接地电阻值通常要求不大于 4 欧姆，特殊环境下需符合更严格的要求（如爆炸危险场所可能要求不大于 1 欧姆）。准备合适的检测仪器，常用的有接地电阻测试仪（如钳形接地电阻仪、手摇式接地电阻表），使用前需检查仪器是否在校验有效期内，量程是否匹配检测需求，接线端子是否完好。清理检测点周围环境，移除地面杂物、积雪、油污等，确保接地体与测试仪的连接部位清洁，避免接触不良影响读数。同时，确认电缆桥架的接地装置结构，明确接地体、接地线的走向，找出各连接点（如桥架之间的跨接线、与接地干线的连接点），为检测点的选择提供依据。

　　The preparation work before testing needs to be meticulous and thorough. Firstly, it is necessary to clarify the testing standards. According to relevant regulations, the grounding resistance value of cable trays is usually required to be no more than 4 ohms. In special environments, stricter requirements must be met (such as explosive hazardous areas where no more than 1 ohm may be required). Prepare suitable testing instruments, commonly used ones include grounding resistance testers (such as clamp type grounding resistance meters, hand cranked grounding resistance meters). Before use, check whether the instrument is within the valid calibration period, whether the range matches the testing requirements, and whether the wiring terminals are intact. Clean up the surrounding environment of the testing point, remove ground debris, snow, oil stains, etc., ensure that the connection between the grounding body and the tester is clean, and avoid adverse contact that may affect readings. At the same time, confirm the grounding device structure of the cable tray, clarify the direction of the grounding body and grounding wire, and identify each connection point (such as the jumper wire between the trays and the connection point with the grounding main line), providing a basis for the selection of detection points.

　　检测点的选择直接影响结果的代表性。应优先选择桥架系统的关键节点，如进出建筑物处的接地连接点、桥架分段连接处的跨接线、与接地极直接连接的部位等。对于大型桥架系统，需在不同区域选取多个检测点，避免因局部接地不良导致整体判断失误。检测点需确保与接地体可靠连接，若连接部位有漆层、氧化层，需用砂纸轻轻打磨露出金属光泽，保证测试探头与接地体的良好接触。

　　The selection of detection points directly affects the representativeness of the results. Priority should be given to selecting key nodes of the bridge system, such as grounding connection points at the entrance and exit of the building, jumper wires at the segmented connection of the bridge, and parts directly connected to the grounding electrode. For large-scale bridge systems, multiple detection points need to be selected in different areas to avoid overall judgment errors caused by poor local grounding. The detection point must be reliably connected to the grounding body. If there is a paint layer or oxide layer on the connection part, it needs to be lightly sanded with sandpaper to expose the metallic luster, ensuring good contact between the test probe and the grounding body.

　　具体检测操作需按仪器类型规范进行。使用手摇式接地电阻表时，需按 “E”（接地极）、“P”（电位探针）、“C”（电流探针）的顺序接线，将探针按直线排列插入地面，间距约 5 米，E 端连接桥架接地体，P、C 端分别连接对应探针。匀速摇动仪表手柄（通常每分钟 120 转），待指针稳定后读取数值，重复测量 2-3 次取平均值。使用钳形接地电阻仪时，操作更为简便，只需打开钳口夹住桥架的接地线或接地体，按下测试键，仪器即可显示电阻值，适合对跨接线、接地干线等部位的快速检测。检测过程中需避免人员触碰探针或接线，防止干扰读数或发生触电风险。

　　The specific testing operation needs to be carried out according to the instrument type specifications. When using a hand cranked grounding resistance meter, it is necessary to connect the wires in the order of "E" (grounding electrode), "P" (potential probe), and "C" (current probe). Insert the probes into the ground in a straight line with a spacing of about 5 meters. Connect the E end to the bridge grounding body, and connect the P and C ends to the corresponding probes. Shake the instrument handle at a constant speed (usually 120 revolutions per minute), wait for the pointer to stabilize, read the value, and repeat the measurement 2-3 times to take the average. When using a clamp type grounding resistance meter, the operation is more convenient. Simply open the clamp to clamp the grounding wire or grounding body of the bridge, press the test button, and the instrument will display the resistance value. It is suitable for rapid detection of jumper wires, grounding main lines, and other parts. During the testing process, it is necessary to avoid personnel touching the probe or wiring to prevent interference with readings or the risk of electric shock.

　　检测后的数据处理与判断是关键。若测得电阻值小于或等于规定标准，说明接地系统合格；若大于标准值，需查找原因，可能是接地体腐蚀、连接松动、接地体埋深不足等。此时可分段检测，逐步排查故障点，例如断开桥架之间的跨接线，分别检测各段接地电阻，确定不良区段后进行修复（如更换腐蚀的接地体、紧固松动的连接螺栓、增加接地极数量等）。修复后需重新检测，直电阻值符合要求。

　　The processing and judgment of data after detection are crucial. If the measured resistance value is less than or equal to the specified standard, it indicates that the grounding system is qualified; If it is greater than the standard value, the cause needs to be investigated, which may be corrosion of the grounding body, loose connection, insufficient burial depth of the grounding body, etc. At this point, segmented detection can be carried out to gradually identify the fault points, such as disconnecting the jumper wires between the bridge frames, testing the grounding resistance of each section separately, and repairing the defective sections (such as replacing corroded grounding bodies, tightening loose connecting bolts, increasing the number of grounding electrodes, etc.). After repair, it is necessary to retest until the resistance value meets the requirements.

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