桥架及电缆作为机电安装工程的重要部分，施工好坏直接影响工程整体质量，本文基于中建工程现场示例，分享17个施工工艺要点，以供大家参考借鉴。一线槽桥架安装工艺要点先来看看规范GB50303《建筑电气工程施工质量验收规范》强条的要求：

　　As an important part of mechanical and electrical installation engineering, the construction quality of cable trays and cables directly affects the overall quality of the project. Based on the example of high-quality engineering sites in China Construction, this article shares 17 key points of construction technology for reference and inspiration. The key points of the installation process for the cable tray in the first line are as follows: First, let's take a look at the requirements of the GB50303 "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Electrical Engineering in Buildings"

　　11.1.1 金属梯架、托盘或槽盒本体之间的连接应牢固可靠，与保护导体的连接应符合下列规定：

　　11.1.1 The connection between metal ladder frames, trays or trough boxes should be firm and reliable, and the connection with protective conductors should comply with the following regulations:

　　1. 梯架、托盘和槽盒全长不大于30m时，不应少于2处与保护导体可靠连接；全长大于30m时，应每隔20m~30m应增加一个连接点，起始端和终点端均应可靠接地。2. 非镀锌梯架、托盘和槽盒本体之间连接板的两端应跨接保护联结导体，保护联结导体的截面积应符合设计要求。3. 镀锌梯架、托盘和槽盒本体之间不跨接保护联结导体时，连接板每端不应少于2个有防松螺帽或防松垫圈的连接固定螺栓。?1?平直线段桥架吊架间距1.5m~2m，如果采用吊杆支架，吊杆直径不应小于8mm，且需在过梁处应设置固定支架。

　　When the total length of the ladder, tray, and trough box is not more than 30m, there should be no less than 2 reliable connections with the protective conductor; When the total length is greater than 30m, a connection point should be added every 20m~30m, and both the starting and ending ends should be reliably grounded. 2. The two ends of the connecting plate between the non galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body should be bridged with protective connecting conductors, and the cross-sectional area of the protective connecting conductors should meet the design requirements. When the galvanized ladder frame, tray, and trough box body do not cross connect the protective connecting conductor, there should be no less than 2 connection fixing bolts with anti loosening nuts or anti loosening washers at each end of the connecting plate. The spacing between the suspension brackets of the straight line segment bridge is 1.5m~2m. If a suspension bracket is used, the diameter of the suspension bracket should not be less than 8mm, and a fixed bracket should be set at the beam crossing.

　　2?转弯处两边各设一组吊架，且两组吊架对称布置，间距不大于1.5米，否则转弯中间位置增设一组吊架。?3?转弯处两边各设一组吊架，且两组吊架对称布置，间距不大于1.5米，否则转弯中间位置增设一组吊架；桥架距楼板距离不小于150mm，上下层桥架间距不小于150mm。

　　Two sets of hangers shall be installed on each side of the turning point, and the two sets of hangers shall be symmetrically arranged with a spacing of no more than 1.5 meters. Otherwise, a set of hangers shall be added in the middle of the turning point. Set up a set of hangers on both sides of the turning point, and symmetrically arrange the two sets of hangers with a spacing of no more than 1.5 meters. Otherwise, add a set of hangers in the middle of the turning point; The distance between the top floor bridge and the floor slab shall not be less than 150mm, and the distance between the upper and lower floor bridges shall not be less than 150mm.

　　4?桥架、线槽按砼特殊角度准确放样、加工、安装。

　　4. Cable trays and trunking should be accurately laid out, processed, and installed according to the special angle of concrete.

　　5?直线段钢制电缆桥架长度超过30米、铝合金或者玻璃钢制电缆桥架长度超过15米设有伸缩节；电缆桥架跨越建筑物变形缝处设置补偿装置。

　　5 straight steel cable trays with a length exceeding 30 meters, and aluminum alloy or fiberglass cable trays with a length exceeding 15 meters are equipped with expansion joints; Compensation devices shall be installed at the deformation joints of the building where the cable tray crosses.

　　6?金属电缆桥架及其支架全长应不少于2处于接地干线相连接；桥架首位两端需与配电柜外壳或地线排可靠连接。

　　The total length of metal cable trays and their supports should be no less than 2 connected to the grounding main line; The first and second ends of the bridge should be reliably connected to the outer shell of the distribution cabinet or the grounding wire.

　　7?非镀锌电缆桥架间连接板的两端跨接铜芯接地线，跨接地线一定要注意线槽桥架专用接地孔上，地线的小允许截面积不小于4mm?；连接前剔除接地螺栓下方的绝缘层；镀锌桥架间连接板的两端不跨接接地线，但连接板两端不少于2个有防松螺帽或防松垫圈的连接固定螺栓。

　　The two ends of the connecting plate between non galvanized cable trays should be crossed with copper core grounding wires. When crossing the grounding wires, attention must be paid to the dedicated grounding holes on the cable tray. The minimum allowable cross-sectional area of the grounding wire should not be less than 4mm ?; Remove the insulation layer below the grounding bolt before connection; The two ends of the connecting plate between galvanized cable trays shall not be connected to the grounding wire, but there shall be no less than 2 fixing bolts with anti loosening nuts or anti loosening washers at both ends of the connecting plate.

　　8?与土建配合，桥架穿越墙体、楼板等部位预先留孔。

　　8. Coordinate with civil engineering to leave holes in advance for cable trays passing through walls, floors, and other areas.

　　9?线槽、桥架底板应与支吊架横担用金属螺栓固定（≤200mm，用一个螺栓固定；＞200mm，距边1/4处两个螺栓固定）。?10?桥架穿越墙体及楼板，应用不燃材料封堵；穿越防火分区桥架内必须做防火封堵。‘’?11

　　9. The bottom plate of the cable tray and bridge should be fixed with metal bolts (≤ 200mm, fixed with one bolt) to the cross arm of the support and hanger; ＞200mm， Two bolts are fixed at a distance of 1/4 from the edge. 10 cable trays passing through walls and floors should be sealed with non combustible materials; Fire sealing must be done inside the bridge frame passing through the fire compartment. ‘’?11?

　　室外安装桥架安装高度不能低于积雪、积水高度，同时考虑选用防水型盖板，进出室外桥架、线槽，室内须高于室外，防止雨水流入室内。二电缆桥架内敷设工艺要点先来看看规范GB50303《建筑电气工程施工质量验收规范》强条的要求：

　　The installation height of outdoor cable trays should not be lower than the height of snow and accumulated water. At the same time, waterproof cover plates should be considered. For outdoor cable trays and trunking, the indoor height should be higher than the outdoor height to prevent rainwater from flowing into the indoor area. The key points of the laying process inside the cable tray are as follows: First, let's take a look at the requirements of the GB50303 "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Electrical Engineering in Buildings"

　　13.1.2 电缆敷设不得存在绞拧、铠装压扁、护层断裂和表面严重划伤等缺陷。

　　13.1.2 Cable laying shall not have defects such as twisting, armor flattening, protective layer breakage, and severe surface scratches.

　　13.2.2 电缆敷设应符合下列规定：

　　13.2.2 Cable laying shall comply with the following regulations:

　　1. 电缆敷设排列应顺直、整齐，并宜少交叉。2. 电缆转弯处的小弯曲半径应符合表11.1.2的规定。3. 在电缆沟或电气竖井内垂直敷设或大于45°倾斜敷设的电缆应在每个支架上固定。4. 在梯架、托盘或槽盒内大于45°倾斜敷设的电缆每隔2m固定，水平敷设的电缆，首尾两端、转弯两侧及每隔5m~10m处应设固定点。8. 电缆出入电缆沟、电气竖井、建筑物，配电（控制）柜、台、箱处以及管子管口处等部位应采取防火或密封措施。

　　1. Cable laying should be arranged in a straight and neat manner, with minimal crossing. The minimum bending radius at cable bends should comply with the provisions of Table 11.1.2. 3. Cables laid vertically or at an angle greater than 45 ° in cable trenches or electrical shafts should be fixed on each bracket. 4. Cables laid at an angle greater than 45 ° in ladder racks, trays, or troughs should be fixed every 2 meters. Cables laid horizontally should have fixed points at both ends, turning sides, and every 5 to 10 meters. 8. Fire prevention or sealing measures should be taken for cable entry and exit in cable trenches, electrical shafts, buildings, distribution (control) cabinets, platforms, boxes, and pipe openings.

　　13.2.4 电缆的首端、末端和分支处应设标志牌，直埋电缆应设标示桩。?12?电缆敷设前做绝缘遥测，低压采用1KV绝缘摇表遥测线间及对地绝缘电阻值不低于10MΩ，并做好记录。?13?电缆沿桥架或者托盘敷设时，应将电缆单层敷设，排列整齐。不得有交叉，拐弯处应以截面积电缆允许弯曲半径为准。?14?电缆敷设排列整齐，水平敷设的电缆，首尾两端、转弯两侧及每隔5~10米处设固定点。

　　13.2.4 Signs should be set up at the beginning, end, and branch of the cable, and marking stakes should be set up for buried cables. Before laying the 12 cables, insulation telemetry should be carried out. For low voltage, a 1KV insulation shake meter should be used to telemetry the insulation resistance between lines and to ground, which should not be less than 10M Ω, and records should be kept. When laying cables along cable trays or pallets, they should be laid in a single layer and arranged neatly. There should be no crossing, and the maximum allowable bending radius of the cable should be used at the turning point. The 14 cables are laid neatly and horizontally, with fixed points set at both ends, turning sides, and every 5-10 meters.

　　15?敷设于垂直桥架内的电缆，每敷设一根应固定一根，固定点间距不大于如下数值：全塑型电缆和控制电缆固定点间距不大于1米， 其他电力电缆不大于1.5米。?16?电缆总截面积与托盘和梯架横断面面积之比，电力电缆不应大于40%，控制电缆不应大于50%。

　　For cables laid in vertical cable trays, one cable should be fixed for each cable, and the spacing between fixing points should not exceed the following values: the spacing between fixing points for all plastic cables and control cables should not exceed 1 meter, and for other power cables, it should not exceed 1.5 meters. The ratio of the total cross-sectional area of 16 cables to the cross-sectional area of trays and ladders should not exceed 40% for power cables and 50% for control cables.

　　17?沿电缆桥架敷设的电缆在其两端、拐弯处、交叉处应挂电缆标志牌，标志牌上应注明电缆编号、规格、电压等级及起始位置。

　　The cables laid along the cable tray should be hung with cable signs at both ends, bends, and intersections. The signs should indicate the cable number, specifications, voltage level, and starting position.

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